Ultralight Flight Training - Session: 001 Angle of Attack
Posted: Mon Jan 22, 2024 11:10 am
This series is designed to provide you with information to help you determine what may be of help to you in your pursuit of ultralight flight. This means these posts are in no way meant to be lessons. They are here to provide more information about the subject matter available in the video. You must determine if the information is valuable to you or not and watch or not watch the video on the EAA website.
Session: 001
Title: Angle of Attack
Play Time: 00:05:08
Date: May 17th, 2023
Source: This video tip from Sporty’s Pilot Shop appears in Sporty’s Private Pilot Learn to Fly Course.
Requirements: EAA Membership Access Required
URL: https://www.eaa.org/videos/learning-to- ... 7683826112
The angle of attack is covered in this video with detailed information, information sometimes lacking in other training.
___________________________________________________________________________________
The critical angle of attack is discussed and how it is the true indicator of a stall for a fixed wing aircraft, and that it is the only number that provides exact stall in any condition. Most small fixed wing aircraft don’t have an angle of attack indicator. Angle of attack indicators have been popular in larger fixed wing aircraft and are becoming more popular in small fixed wing aircraft. The instrument and can be added to most fixed wing aircraft without too much trouble, typically though it’s not available stock from the manufacturer.
The video explains
- How airspeed, weight, pitch attitude, and bank angle all change. The critical angle of attack does not. Meaning, the critical angle of attack is where lift is lost. It does not matter what speed, how much weight, or any other variable factor the aircraft is experiencing. If the critical angle of attack value for said aircraft is exceeded, the aircraft is going to stall.
- How pitch angle is not the same as angle of attack. In fact they are very different. To help understand this better, add in a third value (flight path vector or angle). Simple, in flight there’s the flight path angle. This is the difference between the horizon and the flight path angle. Now, take the same horizon and knowing the pitch angle gives the two figures needed to calculate the angle of attack. It’s the difference between the flight path angle (flight path vector) and pitch angle. Note that we use the pitch angle to slow or speed up flight. Remember for the most part, power is altitude and pitch angle controls speed.
- Do you need to calculate this information to prevent stalls? No. Basic visual reference outside the aircraft is enough to determine your rough angle of attack. When flying a rough angle of attack can also be determined by simply looking out of the front of the airplane. If the path of the airplane and the angle of the airplane are the same, the angle of attack is low. If the noise is pointing high, yet the airplane is not gaining altitude, the angle of attack is high. Since most small airplanes don’t have an angle of attack instrument, we use airspeed as a substitute, and it works, most of the time. Substituting airspeed for angle of attack has been used for decades and works fairly well in most situations. Do not be overly concerned if you don’t have an angle of attack instrument.
- Where is airspeed not a good indicator of angle of attack? Anytime the airplane is out of normal level flight, meaning turns or other attitudes that are not normal, then airspeed can be a poor indicator of angle of attack.
- Advantages to having an angle of attack instrument are:
• Displaying in the green of the angle of attack instrument provides pilot feedback of most likely a best cruise angle.
• Assistance in landing where the angle of attack is sometimes in the yellow area of the instrument. No matter where the instrument reads, it can assist in consistency for landing.
• Some angle of attack instruments have a circle/doughnut or other indicator showing best glide speed. This would be helpful in an engine out situation.
• Angle of attack instruments are typically lit bars and only require a quick glance compared to looking at the speed indicator when angle of attack information is needed.
Critique – For a five-minute video, I found the information provided to be very good. Though the video is titled Angle of Attack, it did a very good job of explaining angle of attack and how angle to attack is a part of stalls. I enjoyed the video, though short, it was to the point with excellent examples (both real life, animated, and static examples).
Session: 001
Title: Angle of Attack
Play Time: 00:05:08
Date: May 17th, 2023
Source: This video tip from Sporty’s Pilot Shop appears in Sporty’s Private Pilot Learn to Fly Course.
Requirements: EAA Membership Access Required
URL: https://www.eaa.org/videos/learning-to- ... 7683826112
The angle of attack is covered in this video with detailed information, information sometimes lacking in other training.
___________________________________________________________________________________
The critical angle of attack is discussed and how it is the true indicator of a stall for a fixed wing aircraft, and that it is the only number that provides exact stall in any condition. Most small fixed wing aircraft don’t have an angle of attack indicator. Angle of attack indicators have been popular in larger fixed wing aircraft and are becoming more popular in small fixed wing aircraft. The instrument and can be added to most fixed wing aircraft without too much trouble, typically though it’s not available stock from the manufacturer.
The video explains
- How airspeed, weight, pitch attitude, and bank angle all change. The critical angle of attack does not. Meaning, the critical angle of attack is where lift is lost. It does not matter what speed, how much weight, or any other variable factor the aircraft is experiencing. If the critical angle of attack value for said aircraft is exceeded, the aircraft is going to stall.
- How pitch angle is not the same as angle of attack. In fact they are very different. To help understand this better, add in a third value (flight path vector or angle). Simple, in flight there’s the flight path angle. This is the difference between the horizon and the flight path angle. Now, take the same horizon and knowing the pitch angle gives the two figures needed to calculate the angle of attack. It’s the difference between the flight path angle (flight path vector) and pitch angle. Note that we use the pitch angle to slow or speed up flight. Remember for the most part, power is altitude and pitch angle controls speed.
- Do you need to calculate this information to prevent stalls? No. Basic visual reference outside the aircraft is enough to determine your rough angle of attack. When flying a rough angle of attack can also be determined by simply looking out of the front of the airplane. If the path of the airplane and the angle of the airplane are the same, the angle of attack is low. If the noise is pointing high, yet the airplane is not gaining altitude, the angle of attack is high. Since most small airplanes don’t have an angle of attack instrument, we use airspeed as a substitute, and it works, most of the time. Substituting airspeed for angle of attack has been used for decades and works fairly well in most situations. Do not be overly concerned if you don’t have an angle of attack instrument.
- Where is airspeed not a good indicator of angle of attack? Anytime the airplane is out of normal level flight, meaning turns or other attitudes that are not normal, then airspeed can be a poor indicator of angle of attack.
- Advantages to having an angle of attack instrument are:
• Displaying in the green of the angle of attack instrument provides pilot feedback of most likely a best cruise angle.
• Assistance in landing where the angle of attack is sometimes in the yellow area of the instrument. No matter where the instrument reads, it can assist in consistency for landing.
• Some angle of attack instruments have a circle/doughnut or other indicator showing best glide speed. This would be helpful in an engine out situation.
• Angle of attack instruments are typically lit bars and only require a quick glance compared to looking at the speed indicator when angle of attack information is needed.
Critique – For a five-minute video, I found the information provided to be very good. Though the video is titled Angle of Attack, it did a very good job of explaining angle of attack and how angle to attack is a part of stalls. I enjoyed the video, though short, it was to the point with excellent examples (both real life, animated, and static examples).
